FIGURE LEGEND
Figure 1 : Diabetic parameters in experimental groups.Fasting blood glucose (A), hemoglobin A1c (B), serum insulin level (C) and HOMA Index at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol. *p<0.05 vs. lean ZSF1-Vehicle; ‡p<0.05 vs. obese ZSF1-Vehicle. ENAL = enalapril. Data are reported as box and whisker plots with median, minimum to maximum, and 10 to 90 percentiles, n=6/group.
Figure 2 : Circulating lipids in experimental groups.Plasma levels of cholesterol (A), non-esterified free fatty acid (B), triglyceride (C), and LDL-cholesterol (D) at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol. *p<0.05 vs. lean ZSF1-Vehicle; ‡p<0.05 vs. obese ZSF1-Vehicle. ENAL = enalapril. Data are reported as box and whisker plots with median, minimum to maximum, and 10 to 90 percentiles, n=6/group.
Figure 3 : Renal injury in experimental groups.Calculated values of renal cortical (A) and medullary (B) cast area at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol. Albuminuria (C) and a representative photomicrograph showing tubular cast in the renal cortex and medulla (arrows) of different experimental groups analyzed at the end of the protocol (D). *p<0.05 vs. lean ZSF1-Vehicle; ‡p<0.05 vs. obese ZSF1-Vehicle. ENAL = enalapril. Data are reported as box and whisker plots with median, minimum to maximum, and 10 to 90 percentiles, n=6/group.
Figure 4 : Glomerular injury in experimental groups.Calculated values of glomerular injury score (A) and glomerular nephrin expression (C) at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol. Representative photomicrograph showing damaged glomeruli (arrows) (B) and nephrin expression (arrows) in the glomeruli of different experimental groups analyzed at the end of the protocol (D). *p<0.05 vs. lean ZSF1-Vehicle; ‡p<0.05 vs. obese ZSF1-Vehicle. ENAL = enalapril. Data are reported as box and whisker plots with median, minimum to maximum, and 10 to 90 percentiles, n=6/group. Dual acting sEH-COX-2 inhibitor PTUPB attenuated angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced glomerular albumin permeability (E). *p<0.05 vs. Baseline; ‡p<0.05 vs. ANG II-PTUPB. Data for E are expressed as mean ± SEM, n=10/group
Figure 5 : Kidney inflammation in experimental groups.Urinary excretion of MCP-1 (A), CD-68 positive inflammatory cells in the kidney (B), and representative photomicrograph depicting CD-68 positive cells in the kidney (C) at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol. *p<0.05 vs. lean ZSF1-Vehicle; ‡p<0.05 vs. obese ZSF1-Vehicle. ENAL = enalapril. Data are reported as box and whisker plots with median, minimum to maximum, and 10 to 90 percentiles, n=6/group.
Figure 6 : Kidney fibrosis in experimental groups.Calculated values of renal cortical (A), medullary (B) collagen positive fibrotic area, and a representative photomicrograph showing renal fibrosis (C) at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol. *p<0.05 vs. lean ZSF1-Vehicle; ‡p<0.05 vs. obese ZSF1-Vehicle. ENAL = enalapril. Data are reported as box and whisker plots with median, minimum to maximum, and 10 to 90 percentiles, n=6/group.
Figure 7 : Liver injury in experimental groups. Plasma levels of AST (A), ALT (B), calculated value of liver collagen positive area (C) and representative photomicrograph depicting collagen positive area (arrows) in the liver (E) at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol. Calculated values of oil o red positive (steatosis) liver area (D) and a representative photomicrograph liver steatosis (arrows) obtained from oil o red staining at the end of the 8-week experimental protocol (F). *p<0.05 vs. lean ZSF1-Vehicle; ‡p<0.05 vs. obese ZSF1-Vehicle. ENAL = enalapril. Data are reported as box and whisker plots with median, minimum to maximum, and 10 to 90 percentiles, n=6/group.