Figure captions
Fig. 1. Loss-of-function mutation in GCR2 is responsible
for the lack of pho13 effect in xylose-fermenting S.
cerevisiae strains. (a) Improved xylose consumption rates by the
deletion of PHO13 (pho13 effect) in engineered strains
with different strain backgrounds, except for YSX3 and DA24 strains. (b)
Genome sequencing results of the YSX3 and L2612 strains and Sanger
sequencing results of haploid spores derived from the KSM diploid (YSX3
× a derivative of D452-2). (c–e) Xylose fermentation profiles by the
SR7 strain (control) and its gene deletion mutants (gcr2 ,pho13 , and gcr2 /pho13 ). Fermentation was performed
with an initial cell density of 0.5 g/L in YP medium containing 40 g/L
xylose under microaerobic conditions. *p < 0.05; NS,
not statistically significant; nd, not determined.
Fig. 2. Global transcriptional changes induced by gcr2.Hierarchical clustering and multivariate analysis based on Pearson’s
correlation (a) and principal component analysis (b). DE genes (p< 0.05, >2-fold) on glucose (c) and on xylose (d)
were identified.