Abbreviations and Acronyms
MR : Mitral regurgitation
ECHO: echocardiogram
CI: Confidence interval
NYHA: New York Heart Association
OR: Odds ratio; HR: Hazard Ratio
HTN: Hypertension; BMI: body mass index; DM:Diabetes mellitus; CHF: Congestive heart failure
A fib: Atrial fibrillation
MAC: mitral annular calcification
CABG: Coronary artery bypass grafting
NY: N ew York
PVD: peripheral vascular disease
CVD: cerebral-vascular disease;
EF: ejection fraction.
ALP: anterior leaflet prolapse, PLP: posterior leaflet
prolapse, BLP: bi-leaflet prolapse.
CX: cross-clamp; LV: left ventricle.