Treatments and Outcomes
Table 3 showed comparing of ICU admission, the complication
rates, treatments, requirement of oxygen support, and clinical outcomes
between two
groups.
There were no ICU admissions and no complications of ARDS, acute renal
injury and acute liver injury for all the pregnant throughout the study
period, as compared with 4.0 % ICU admission rate (P = 0.584), 0.8 %
ARDS (P = 1.000), 0.8 % acute renal injury (P = 1.000) and 3.2 % acute
liver injury (P = 0.584) in the 124 non-pregnant patients.
One hundred and thirty-two patients (85.2%) received antiviral therapy,
including oseltamivir, arbidol hydrochloride, ribavirin and peramivir.
Treatment regimens of antiviral therapy were similar between the two
groups (P = 0.955). Ninety-four (60.6%) were administered with
empirical antibiotic treatment, 27 (87.1%) pregnant patients and 67
(54.0%) non-pregnant patients were given antibiotic treatments
respectively (P = 0.001). For 31 pregnant patients, 10 (37%) were
treated with a single antibiotic and 17 patients (63%) were given
combination therapy. The antibiotics used were cefoperazone sodium
tazobactam sodium, ornidazole, meropenem, azithromycin, meropenem and
cefathiamidine. 43 (27.7%) patients were given systematic
corticosteroids, fifteen of 31 (48%) pregnant women were treated with
corticosteroid after caesarean section, as compared with 20 (16.1%) in
non-pregnant patients (P < 0.001). Also, 32 (20.6%) patients
received immunoglobulin therapy. More details of treatment regimens of
pregnant women could be found in the supplement (Table S1). Seventy-one
percent of patients (71%) in the pregnant group needed mask and nasal
cannula, whereas only 27.4% in the non-pregnant women required mask and
nasal cannula (P < 0.001). Non-invasive ventilation or
high-flow nasal cannula was required in 2 (1.6%) non-pregnant patients.
One case in non-pregnant group needed invasive mechanical ventilation
ECMO, this difference did not reach statistical significance.
At the end of follow-up (Jul 8, 2020), all patients in both groups had
been discharged from Renmin hospital per the following discharge
criteria: abatement of fever for more than 3 days, with improvement of
chest radiographic evidence and viral clearance in respiratory samples
from upper respiratory tract (negative twice in a row, sampling interval
≥24 h). The pregnant women required a little longer hospital stay than
the non-pregnant group without statistical significance
(13.0
days [IQR 9.0, 24.0] vs 9.0 days [IQR 8.0, 15.8], P = 0.062).