Introduction
In late 2019, pneumonia epidemic began in Wuhan, China’s Hubei Province,
with a primarily unknown cause, which is known to have spread
significantly across the World 1. The virus that
caused the disease was initially named as Severe Acute Respiratory
Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and later the World Health
Organization described this disease as COVID-19 2. The
disease usually affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 79. About
half of those with COVID-19 disease have mild or indeterminate symptoms.
Significant symptoms in symptomatic patients are fatigue, fever, cough,
muscle pain, and shortness of breath 2, 3. Sometimes,
more critical conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome
(ARDS) and multi-organ failure can be observed. Patients with these
severe conditions have comorbid diseases, especially hypertension (HT),
diabetes mellitus (DM), and heart diseases3.
Neutrophilia and lymphopenia are the most common laboratory parameters.
Abnormal liver function test findings at different rates have been
reported. Serum procalcitonin levels are generally at normal levels,
while mild increases in C-reactive protein levels can be seen. D-Dimer
levels are high in 30 percent of patients 4,5.
Coronaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that consist of a single chain
and have positive polarity. Therefore, they do not have RNA-dependent
RNA polymerase enzymes, but this enzyme code has been identified in
their genetic makeup. Their surfaces have rod-like extensions6.
Urine examination is fast, convenient, and economical. It can be used as
an assay to diagnose many diseases such as urinary tract infections
(UTI), kidney diseases, and stone diseases by showing biochemical
parameters of urine 7,8,9. So far, one study has been
conducted showing the relationship between the biochemical parameters of
urine and COVID-19 disease 10. We aimed to determine
the role of biochemical parameters of urine in predicting the COVID-19
disease severity.