Introduction
In late 2019, pneumonia epidemic began in Wuhan, China’s Hubei Province, with a primarily unknown cause, which is known to have spread significantly across the World 1. The virus that caused the disease was initially named as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and later the World Health Organization described this disease as COVID-19 2. The disease usually affects individuals between the ages of 30 and 79. About half of those with COVID-19 disease have mild or indeterminate symptoms. Significant symptoms in symptomatic patients are fatigue, fever, cough, muscle pain, and shortness of breath 2, 3. Sometimes, more critical conditions such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multi-organ failure can be observed. Patients with these severe conditions have comorbid diseases, especially hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM), and heart diseases3. Neutrophilia and lymphopenia are the most common laboratory parameters. Abnormal liver function test findings at different rates have been reported. Serum procalcitonin levels are generally at normal levels, while mild increases in C-reactive protein levels can be seen. D-Dimer levels are high in 30 percent of patients 4,5.
Coronaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that consist of a single chain and have positive polarity. Therefore, they do not have RNA-dependent RNA polymerase enzymes, but this enzyme code has been identified in their genetic makeup. Their surfaces have rod-like extensions6.
Urine examination is fast, convenient, and economical. It can be used as an assay to diagnose many diseases such as urinary tract infections (UTI), kidney diseases, and stone diseases by showing biochemical parameters of urine 7,8,9. So far, one study has been conducted showing the relationship between the biochemical parameters of urine and COVID-19 disease 10. We aimed to determine the role of biochemical parameters of urine in predicting the COVID-19 disease severity.