Combination of ALX and FSK minimized immune cells infiltration into myocardium and systemic inflammatory response
Ascertaining the extent of mononuclear immune cells infiltrating the myocardium in response to cardiomyocyte necrosis was done CD68 IHC staining. As expected, PCH mice an enormous infiltration immune cell. Comparatively, the FSK single therapy decreased the infiltration of immune cells than the ALX single therapy did. Nonetheless, their combination was effective in minimizing macrophages and other mononuclear cell infiltration into the myocardium (Fig. 9a).
Inflammatory cytokines expression evaluated with ELISA illustrated that among the PCH-preventive therapeutic groups, the FSK and ALX combination therapy had the most efficacy in maintaining a close homeostatic gap between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses during CCS. The secretions of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα by macrophages in response to necrotic cardiomyocytes were moderate in the mice treated with the combination therapy (Fig. 9b-9d), while IL-10 was upregulated in these mice (Fig. 9e). Treatment with only FSK did better than the treatment with only ALX in the attempt to prevent a hyperactive immune response.