MERS
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), was first reported in Saudi
Arabia in 2012. The respiratory illness is caused by a coronavirus, a
distant viral cousin to SARS. It spread to 27 countries in Europe,
Africa, Asia and North America. Like many coronaviruses, MERS is a
zoonotic virus, which means it is transmitted between animals and
humans. According to scientists, MERS most likely passed from bats into
dromedary camels before jumping to humans. Since 2012, such as in the
(figure 3) that represented by the chart there have been 2,494 reported
cases of MERS, and 858 deaths from the virus. Infections occurred
primarily from close human-to-human
contact, according
to the (WHO). The incubation period (the time between infection and
start of symptoms) is about five days, but it can occasionally be up
range from two to 14 days. There have been no cases of SARS for over a
decade. But MERS is an ongoing public health concern.
MERS-CoV risk factor: the risk of severe infection for MERS-CoV
is the elderly people and those suffering from the second diseases like
heart disease, type one and type two of diabetes and other persons under
the medical conditions like liver disease any person with this
characteristics are at the risk of severe infection with MERS-CoV and
the other persons under the major risk factors like caregivers, nurses
and household contacts, and directly contact with camel body fluids that
exposed to the virus(Alraddadi, Watson et al. 2016).
MERS symptoms and signs : the symptoms begins with fever and
mild cough, and it often made problem in the lungs via severe shortness
of breath and it made disability to maintain oxygenation. Those peoples
with severely affected with a fatal type of respiratory failure like
adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Despite to affecting the
alveoli of the lungs also attacking other organs of the body such as
kidneys and heart and become problem for blood clotting and those people
suffering from the autoimmune diseases such as
severe rheumatoid
arthritis(Mailles, Blanckaert et al. 2013).
treatment for MERS-CoV: Because MERS-CoV is caused by a similar
virus as SARS, the management of MERS-CoV has been extrapolated from
experience with the 2002 SARS outbreak and some limited experimental
data. Like SARS, patients with MERS-CoV often require oxygen
supplementation, and severe cases require mechanical ventilation and
intensive-care-unit support. No medication has been proven to treat
MERS-CoV, and treatment is based upon the patient’s medical condition.
Several medications have been tried in both SARS and MERS-CoV without
conclusive benefits, and further research is to be done. Management of
the individual with MERS is aided by infectious disease, pulmonary, and
critical-care specialists. The common antiviral drugs used at the time
of infectious, against the SARS-COVID1 were like the most effective
medicine.(Greenberg 2016)
vaccine for MERS-CoVNo vaccine is
commercially available at the time of writing.