Conclusion
This study developed a new model to help clinicians identify gout patients who are at risk of tophi formation. The proposed predictive factors were practical, non-invasive and easily obtainable. Through an assessment of individual risks, the model may help doctors and patients to enable more active and effective measures regarding tophi prevention and treatment. However, due to lack of a large sample size and external verification, further studies are still required to verify the nomogram’s validity and accuracy.