Unmatched Patients (n = 439) Unmatched Patients (n = 439) Unmatched Patients (n = 439) Matched Patients (n = 345) Matched Patients (n = 345) Matched Patients (n = 345)
Sternotomy MIVT p-value Sternotomy MIVT p-value
Number 189 250 95 250
Age (years) 70.0(19.0) 68.0(16.0) 0.850 72.0(14.0) 68.0(16.0) 0.081
Gender (male) 72(38.1) 117(46.8) 0.068 37(38.9) 117(46.8) 0.225
Weight (kg) 69.0(17.3) 70.0(20.8) 0.319 70.0(17.0) 70.0(20.8) 0.063
BSA (m2) 1.8(0.3) 1.8(0.3) 0.334 1.8(0.2) 1.8(0.3) 0.069
Diabetes 21(12.6) 18(7.2) 0.065 11(11.6) 18(7.2) 0.197
CVA/TIA 12(6.3) 10(4.0) 0.182 5(5.3) 10(4.0) 0.567
Chronic renal disease 8(4.2) 2(1.2) 0.191 5(5.2) 2(1.2) 0.108
Heart rhythm 0.626 0.443
Sinus rhythm 101(61.6) 164(65.9) 59(62.1) 164(65.9)
Atrial fibrillation 60(36.6) 82(32.9) 36(37.9) 82(32.9)
PM rhythm 3(1.8) 3(1.2) 0(0) 3(1.2)
Prior MV surgery 50(26.5) 12(4.8) <0.001 9(9.5) 12(4.8) 0.129
NYHA class <0.001 0.137
NYHA 1 7(4.6) 26(12.4) 6(6.3) 26(12.4)
NYHA 2 59(39.1) 113(53.8) 45(47.4) 113(53.8)
NYHA 3 70(46.4) 63(30.0) 39(41.1) 63(30.0)
NYHA 4 15(9.9) 8(3.8) 5(5.3) 8(3.8)
LV function (EF) 0.187 0.795
≤30% 4(2.6) 4(1.6) 2(2.1) 4(1.6)
30-60% 33(21.4) 38(15.2) 17(17.9) 38(15.2)
≥ 60% 117(76.0) 208(83.2) 76(80.0) 208(83.2)