2. MATERIALS AND METHODS
Andrographolide
(C20H30O5,
>98% purity) was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry
Co., Ltd., (Tokyo, Japan). Cultures of human tissue samples were
collected from the suprapatellar fat pad tissue as surgical waste from
osteoarthritis patients aged over 60 years who underwent total knee
arthroplasty (TKA). Informed consent was obtained before surgery. The
study protocol was approved by the Institution Review Board
(MU-DT/PY-IRB 2018/037.1309) at Faculty of Dentistry/Faculty of
Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand prior to performing the
study.