Cohen, 2004 |
SVD11Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery, IVD22Instrumental
Vaginal Delivery, CS33Caesarean Section |
N = 240 |
Discover
the link between factors making for a difficult birth and postnatal PTSD
symptoms. |
Longitudinal. Questionnaire (phone). |
Davidson Trauma Scale
(DTS) |
No significant difference between PTSD symptoms across 3 modes
of birth (Chi-squared P value 0.838). |
NOS: Medium |
Creedy, 2000
|
SVD, forceps, vacuum, ElCS44Elective Caesarean Section, EmCS55Emergency Caesarean Section,
|
N = 592
|
Identify risk factors for psychological distress after childbirth.
|
Prospective longitudinal.
Interview (phone).
|
Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms interview (PSS)
|
EmCS, forceps and vacuum deliveries associated with PTSD symptoms
(β=0.196 P=0.0001, β=0.173 p=0.0001 and β=0.135 p=0.003).
|
NOS: Medium
|
Dekel, 2019
|
NAVD 66No Anaesthesia Vaginal Delivery, SVD, IVD, ElCS, EmCS
|
N = 685
|
Ascertain whether women who undergo different mode of deliveries also
differ in regard to their mental health postnatally.
|
Longitudinal. Questionnaire (internet).
|
PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5)
|
PCL-5 score EmCS> ElCS> IVD > SVD
> NAVD.
Delivery mode accounted for 13% of variance in symptoms severity
(Pillai’s T= .13, F(36, 2700) = 2.48, p < .0001).
|
CEBM: 6/12
|
Fairbrother, 2007
|
VD77Vaginal Delivery, CS
|
N = 99
|
Examine psychological and obstetrical risk factors predicting postnatal
PTSD symptoms.
|
Prospective longitudinal.
Questionnaire.
|
PTSD Symptoms Scale Self-Report (PSS-SR)
|
Significant association between mode of birth (CS versus VD) and
PTSD
|
NOS: Medium
|
Feeley, 2017
|
VD, ElCS, EmCS
|
N = 298
|
Investigating PTSD symptoms in 2 high-risk groups (Low birthweight
infant who was admitted to a NICU, and EmCS) and 2 low-risk groups (VD
and ElCS).
|
Longitudinal.
Questionnaire & interview (visited at home).
|
Perinatal PTSD Questionnaire (PPQ)
|
PPQ mean score at 5 weeks NICU > EmCS > VD
> ElCS (P=0.01).
No significant difference between PPQ scores in clinical range at 5
weeks.
EmCS did not have significantly greater PTSD symptoms than ElCS or
VD.
|
NOS: Medium
|
Furuta, 2016 |
SVD, IVD, ElCS, EmCS |
N = 1824 |
Identify risk factors
for PTSD in the postnatal period. |
Secondary analysis of cohort study. |
Impact of Event Scale (IES) |
PTSD symptoms more common in IVD (p
=0.03 and 0.02 for symptoms of intrusion and avoidance, respectively) or
EmCS (p < 0.001 for both intrusion and avoidance) compared
with SVD. |
NOS: Medium |
Lyons, 1998 |
SVD, forceps, ventouse, CS |
N = 42 |
Investigate symptoms
of PTSD in a group of first-time mothers. |
Longitudinal. Questionnaire
(post). |
IES |
Mode of delivery was not related to PTSD symptoms
(Kruskal-Wallis, H(3) = 2.39, p= 0.5). |
NOS: Medium |
Noyman-Veksler, 2015 |
SVD, EmCS, ElCS |
N = 142 |
Investigate
protective factors against PTSD symptoms after EmCS. |
Longitudinal.
Questionnaire. |
PDS |
No significant differences were found between the
three modes of delivery. |
NOS: Medium |
Polachek, 2012 |
SVD, IVD, ElCS, EmCS |
N = 102 |
Examine postnatal PTSD
in women in Israel and examine risk and protective factors. |
Longitudinal. Questionnaire. |
PDS |
No significant association between
mode of birth and PTSD. |
NOS: Medium |
Ryding, 1998 |
SVD, IVD, ElCS, EmCS |
N = 354 |
Compare psychological
symptoms in women after EmCS, ElCS, IVD and SVD. |
Longitudinal.
Questionnaire (post). |
IES |
EmCS > ElCS (P = 0.01), EmCS
> SVD (P<0.05). |
NOS: Medium |
Söderquist, 2009
|
SVD, IVD, ElCS, EmCS
|
N = 508
|
Find risk factors in pregnancy for post-traumatic stress (PTS) and
depression 1 month after childbirth.
|
Longitudinal. Questionnaire.
|
Traumatic Event Scale (TES)
|
PTSD symptoms related to mode of delivery (F(1, 432) = 4.9, P = 0.002).
EmCS led to more PTSD symptoms than SVD or ElCS (P=0.01; P=0.03, Scheffé
post hoc test).
|
NOS: Medium
|
Vossbeck-Elsebusch, 2014
|
SVD, IVD, ElCS, EmCS, 2°CS7
|
N = 521
|
Investigate risk factors for PTSD outlined in Ehlers and Clark’s (2000)
model of PTSD.
|
Cross-sectional. Questionnaire (online).
|
PDS (German version)
|
PDS scores differed depending on mode of birth, F(4,219) = 7.07, p
< 0.001, ηp2 = 0.11 (univariate ANOVA).
Post-hoc Scheffé tests showed more symptoms in EmCS (M = 16.17, SD =
11.04, p = 0.001) than SVD (M = 7.04, SD = 7.56).
|
CEBM: 5/12
|