References:
  1. Shields, C. L., & Shields, J. A. (2004). Diagnosis and Management of Retinoblastoma. Cancer Control, 11(5), 317–327.
  2. Hu, H., Zhang, W., Wang, Y. et al. Characterization, treatment and prognosis of retinoblastoma with central nervous system metastasis. BMC Ophthalmol 18, 107 (2018).
  3. Chantada GL, Dunkel IJ, Antoneli CB, et al. Risk factors for extraocular relapse following enucleation after failure of chemoreduction in retinoblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer . 2007;49(3):256‐260.
  4. Cicinelli MV, Kaliki S. Orbital relapse of retinoblastoma in patients with high-risk histopathology features. Ther Adv Ophthalmol. 2019;11:2515841419844080. Published 2019 Apr 26. doi:10.1177/2515841419844080.
  5. Kaliki, S., Srinivasan, V., Gupta, A., Mishra, D. K., & Naik, M. N. (2015). Clinical Features Predictive of High-Risk Retinoblastoma in 403 Asian Indian Patients. Ophthalmology, 122(6), 1165–1172.
  6. Honavar SG, Singh AD, Shields CL, et al. Postenucleation Adjuvant Therapy in High-Risk Retinoblastoma. Arch Ophthalmol. 2002;120(7):923–931.
  7. Kopelman, J. E., McLean, I. W., & Rosenberg, S. H. (1987). Multivariate Analysis of Risk Factors for Metastasis in Retinoblastoma Treated by Enucleation. Ophthalmology, 94(4), 371–377.
  8. Chévez-Barrios, P., Eagle, R. C., Krailo, M., Piao, J., Albert, D. M., Gao, Y., … Chintagumpala, M. (2019). Study of Unilateral Retinoblastoma With and Without Histopathologic High-Risk Features and the Role of Adjuvant Chemotherapy: A Children’s Oncology Group Study. Journal of Clinical Oncology, JCO.18.01808. doi:10.1200/jco.18.01808
  9. Kaliki S, Shields CL, Rojanaporn D, et al. High-risk retinoblastoma based on international classification of retinoblastoma: analysis of 519 enucleated eyes. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(5):997-1003.
  10. Chantada GL, de Dávila MT, Fandiño A, et al. Retinoblastoma with low risk for extraocular relapse. Ophthalmic Genet. 1999;20(3):133-140.
  11. Mody RJ, Wu YM, Lonigro RJ, Cao X, Roychowdhury S, Vats P, Frank KM, Prensner JR, Asangani I, Palanisamy N, Dillman JR, Rabah RM, Kunju LP, Everett J, Raymond VM, Ning Y, Su F, Wang R, Stoffel EM, Innis JW, Roberts JS, Robertson PL, Yanik G, Chamdin A, Connelly JA, Choi S, Harris AC, Kitko C, Rao RJ, Levine JE, Castle VP, Hutchinson RJ, Talpaz M, Robinson DR, Chinnaiyan AM. Integrative clinical sequencing in the management of refractory or relapsed cancer in youth. JAMA. 2015, 314(9):913-25.
  12. Afshar AR, Pekmezci M, Bloomer MM, Cadenas NJ, Stevers M, Banerjee A, Roy R, Olshen AB, Van Ziffle J, Onodera C, Devine WP, Grenert JP, Bastian BC, Solomon DA, Damato BE. Next-generation sequencing of retinoblastoma identifies pathogenic alterations beyond RB1 inactivation that correlate with aggressive histopathologic features. Ophthalmology. 2020, 127(6):804-813.
  13. Kooi IE, Mol BM, Massink MP, Ameziane N, Meijers-Heijboer H, Dommering CJ, van Mil SE, de Vries Y, van der Hout AH, Kaspers GJ, Moll AC, Te Riele H, Cloos J, Dorsman JC. Somatic genomic alterations in retinoblastoma beyond RB1 are rare and limited to copy number changes. Sci Rep. 2016, 6():25264. PMID: 27126562.
  14. Alimirah F, Pulido T, Valdovinos A, et al. Cellular Senescence Promotes Skin Carcinogenesis through p38MAPK and p44/42MAPK Signaling. Cancer Res . 2020;80(17):3606-3619.
  15. Demaria M, O’Leary MN, Chang J, et al. Cellular Senescence Promotes Adverse Effects of Chemotherapy and Cancer Relapse. Cancer Discov. 2017;7(2):165-176.
  16. Neophytou CM, Kyriakou TC, Papageorgis P. Mechanisms of Metastatic Tumor Dormancy and Implications for Cancer Therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20(24):6158. doi:10.3390/ijms20246158.
  17. Aguirre-Ghiso JA. Models, mechanisms and clinical evidence for cancer dormancy. Nat Rev Cancer . 2007;7(11):834-846.
  18. Tamamori-Adachi, M., Koga, A., Susa, T. et al.  DNA damage response induced by Etoposide promotes steroidogenesis via GADD45A in cultured adrenal cells. Sci Rep  8,  9636 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-27938-5.
  19. Kitawaki Y, Nakamura Y, Kubota‐Nakayama F, et al. Tumor microenvironment in functional adrenocortical adenomas: immune cell infiltration in cortisol‐producing adrenocortical adenoma. Hum Pathol. 2018;77:88‐97.
  20. Paez, D., Labonte, M. J., Bohanes, P., Zhang, W., Benhanim, L., Ning, Y., … Lenz, H.-J. (2011). Cancer Dormancy: A Model of Early Dissemination and Late Cancer Recurrence. Clinical Cancer Research, 18(3), 645–653.
  21. Endo H and Inoue M (2019) Dormancy in cancer. Cancer Sci 110, 474–480.
  22. Bulavin, D. V., & Fornace, A. J. (2004). p38 MAP Kinase’s Emerging Role as a Tumor Suppressor. Advances in Cancer Research, 95–118.
  23. Picarda E, Ohaegbulam KC, Zang X. Molecular Pathways: Targeting B7-H3 (CD276) for Human Cancer Immunotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2016;22(14):3425–3431.
  24. Xu S, Zhao F, Liang Z, et al. Expression of FANCD2 is associated with prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2019;12(9):3465‐3473.
  25. Komatsu H, Masuda T, Iguchi T, et al. Clinical Significance of FANCD2 Gene Expression and its Association with Tumor Progression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2017;37(3):1083‐1090.
  26. Guo Y, Rehati A, Wu Z, Zhang W, Zhuang P, He F. A novel function of CYP21A2 in regulating cell migration and invasion via Wnt signaling. Gen Physiol Biophys. 2020;39(4):373-381.