Limitations
This study has several limitations. First, the study population was small; hence, our results should be confirmed in a large-scale study. Second, we measured the dispersion of the SVC-ERP only on the same plane. Kumagai et al . measured the ERP in both distal PVs and the PV-LA junction 10 and found the dispersion of the ERP within PVs. Finally, because only pacing inducibility was assessed in the present study, future studies on the relationship between the SVC-ERP and spontaneously occurring SVC-AF are desirable.