Laboratory evidence linking allergy to risk of CRS Laboratory evidence linking allergy to risk of CRS Laboratory evidence linking allergy to risk of CRS Laboratory evidence linking allergy to risk of CRS Laboratory evidence linking allergy to risk of CRS Laboratory evidence linking allergy to risk of CRS
Author Year ( ) ref
No. of cases
Experimental models
Methods
Relevant results
Association (Level of evidence)
Chawes, 2011 (45)
N= 411 children with AR, non AR and healthy controls (6 yr)
Nasal airway patency was assessed by acoustic rhinometry.
Acoustic rhinometry was performed twice in the child’s 6th year of life, with or without allergy. Nasal eosinophilia was assessed by nasal scraping.
Nasal eosinophilia correlated with irreversible nasal airway obstruction, in allergic children already at age 6 years. No change in nasal airway patency were observed in non-allergic rhinitis.
Yes (Level III)
Blair et al. 2001 (46)
N/A
Mouse sensitized to ovalbumin by intraperitoneal injection.
Sinuses of the mouse were infected by S. Pneumoniae, with or without concomitant administration of ovalbumin to induce or not allergic inflammation.
Mice with allergic sino-nasal inflammation had significantly more bacteria and significantly more inflammation (as indicated by neutrophil, eosinophil, and mononuclear influx) into the sinus respect the non-allergic ones.
Yes (Level V)
Shin et al. 2015 (47)
N= 36 CRS responders vs 22 CRS non-responders, 22 healthy controls. (age<15yr)
Serum analyses.
Skin prick tests were performed along with serum total IgE, total eosinophil count (TEC), serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) level, and ImmunoCAP analysis for common allergens.
TEC, ECP, and total IgE levels were significantly higher in the non-responder group than in the responder and control groups.
Yes (Level III)
Mikolajczyk et al. 2019 (48)
N= 842 AR children and 96 controls.
%EOSns. MCT.
All patients underwent saccharin and skin prick tests, nasal smear eosinophilia, total and specific IgE serum concentration and MCT measurement.
Nasal MCT was significantly longer in AR patients than controls. %EOSns were significantly higher in patients than controls. A weak, but significant correlation was observed between %EOSns and MCT.
Yes (Level III)
Brożek-Mądry et al. 2012 (49)
N= 64 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without polyps and 30 controls (age 5-18 yr).
Epithelial cultures (middle meatal cells).
Middle meatal culture and cytological examination from the inferior nasal concha and middle meatus.
The most common strains of bacteria found in patients with CRS were associated with a higher percentage of eosinophils in cytology and high prevalence in atopic patients.
Yes (Level V)