Procedural/clinical success, failure, and complications
The success of TLE was determined through complete procedural and clinical criteria. Complete procedural success was defined as the removal of all targeted leads and lead material from the vascular space without permanently disabling complication or procedure-related mortality.  Clinical success was defined as the removal of all targeted leads and lead material from the vascular space or retention of a small portion of the lead (<4 cm) that does not negatively impact the outcome goals of the procedure. This might be the tip of the lead or a small part of the lead when the remaining portion does not increase the risk of perforation, embolic events, the perpetuation of infection or cause any undesired outcome. “Failure” was defined as the inability to achieve either complete procedural or clinical success or the development of any permanently disabling complication or procedural-related death. Complications were defined as major orminor , according to previously published guidelines1.