Statistical Analysis
Continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation for Gaussian variables or median [interquartile range (IQR)] for non-gaussian variables and all categorical data as number (percentage). Normality was assessed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Normally distributed continuous data and categorical data were compared with Pearson’s Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test when 25% of available data points had expected values <5. Non-Gaussian distributions were evaluated using Mann-Whitney U test. Kaplan Meier survival analysis was conducted to evaluate one- and five-year survival. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models (univariate inclusion p<0.05) were used for modeling risk-adjusted predictors for mortality. Competing risk methods by cumulative incidence function was used to model readmissions.