Fig. 1. Seasonal variation in different leaf physiological traits in the seedling, sapling and tree (young, mature, and old stages) of A. nepalensis tree in central Himalaya. Lower and upper box boundaries represent the 25% and 75% quantiles, respectively; the solid lines across each box are the median. Asterisks indicate significant seasonal differences within the same tree age based on independent sample t-test .; ns = not significant, *p  < 0.05, **p  < 0.01, ***p  < 0.001.