Fig.3. Seasonal variation in leaf water in the seedling, sapling and tree (young, mature, and old stages) of A. nepalensis tree in central Himalaya. (ΨPD) and (ΨMD) refer to pre-dawn and mid-day water potential. Asterisks indicate significant seasonal differences within the same tree age based on independent sample t-test.; ns = not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.