Regional assessment of acute PVR
Acute PVR was defined as spontaneous or isoproterenol-induced PVR, or adenosine-induced dormant conduction. Each left atrial (LA) antrum was divided into 6 regions, including supero-/infero-anterior, supero-/infero-posterior, roof, and bottom, and resulted in 12 segments. Here, relevant parameters were analyzed, and the minimum values were identified for each segment such as minimum contact force (CFmin), minimum force-time integral (FTImin), minimum ablation index (AImin), maximum inter-lesion distance (ILDmax), and minimum impedance drop (Imp-min). Changes in three-dimensional-mapping-related indices were visualized using an on-site monitor. Total impedance decrease measured at every 100 ms was monitored in graph viewer and later exported for processing, considering fluctuation related to respiratory cycle (Figure 1).