Results
There were 23 cardiothoracic surgery trainees in attendance, six of whom had completed general surgery residency and the remaining 17 were integrated six year cardiothoracic surgery residents (Table 1) . All participants took the pre and post experience survey. The majority (13 trainees) were within their first two years of cardiothoracic surgical training, with the remaining trainees spread between their 3rd and 7th years of training. Twenty two (96%) of trainees felt that standardization of bedside procedures is necessary. However, when asked if they felt these procedures were currently institutionally standardized, the average Likert response was 3.5. The most familiar procedure among residents was placement of a nasogastric tube or duo tube while the least familiar procedure was preforming endotracheal intubation. When asked if teaching beside procedures in a simulation environment was beneficial, the average Likert score was 3.7. On testing, 43% of residents improved from pre to post test (87.5% vs 91.6%, p=0.025) (Central Figure) .