4 SUMMARY LAYOUT AND CONCLUSION

Like any other contagious disease, spread dynamic and disease burden of the new pandemic of the highly contagious COVID-19 vary among different populations. The COVID-19 outbreak has affected all aspects of human life worldwide; hence, discussing the country to county variations of the COVID-19 outbreak can help to take more effective measures to fight against this new pandemic. According to the previously published reports, it seems that the new COVID-19 is not as lethal as its counterparts, i.e., SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome) and MERS. However, the higher contagious nature of the COVID-19, followed by a higher DR value of this pandemic, in comparison with the previous acute to respiratory syndromes, has led to a more difficult situation these days.
Considering the unique context of the Middle East, which can affect many other countries in the world, in this research, we focused on discussing any variations in the mortality-related epidemiological terms between all the countries located in this region and the top ten most affected countries worldwide. For this comparison, we did best to consider the CFR, the DR, the CDR, and the RR values together and avoid any probable bias. We also tried to benefit from the previously published reports. Hence, a comprehensive literature review was performed, which helped a lot to come to a better understanding of the data we obtained in this research. In brief, our findings showed that, to the best of our present knowledge, the key factors causing the tody’s country to country variations, in terms of the epidemiological indicators of the COVID-19, mainly originated from the significant cultural-ideological differences, the enormous differences between the health systems of countries, and the efficacy of the governmental mitigation policies.We also believe that many biological factors, including the regional genetic profile, age, sex, and immunological signature, can dramatically influence the epidemiological variations of the COVID-19. However, there was no sufficient information on this aspect at the time of this writing.