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\begin{document}

\title{Transcatheter Valve-in-Valve Implantation Edwards Sapien XT in a Direct
Flow Valve after Early Degeneration}



\author[1]{Bilge Duran Karaduman}%
\author[1]{Hüseyin Ayhan}%
\author[2]{Serkan Bulguroğlu}%
\author[2]{Telat Keles}%
\author[3]{Engin Bozkurt}%
\affil[1]{Atılım University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Medicana International Ankara Hospital}%
\affil[2]{Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Ankara City Hospital}%
\affil[3]{Medicana International Ankara Hospital, Department of Cardiology}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 27, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
In recent years, the use of bioprosthetic valve (BPV) has increased
significantly with both surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) and
transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) due to reasons such as
the advantage of not using anticoagulants. Nevertheless major
disadvantage of all BPV is the risk of early structural valve
deterioration, leading to valve dysfunction, and requires reoperation,
which significantly increases the risk of mortality or major morbidity
especially after SAVR. There are a limited number of TAV-in-TAV case
reports due to TAVI BPV degeneration. In our knowledge this is the
second report of TAV-in-TAV implantation wherein a previously implanted
transfemoral 25-mm nonmetallic Direct Flow SVD valve treated with ViV
TAVI via Edwards Sapien XT.%
\end{abstract}%



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