(Supplementary Figure 3).
3.3.3. Length of hospital
stays
Five studies with 534 participants reported the effect of the
immunomodulatory formula on hospital stays. There was non-significant
pooled effects of the immunomodulatory supplementation on the length of
hospital stays (WMD = -2.12 days, 95% CI: -7.56, 3.31, P=0.44) with
high heterogeneity (Q statistic=36.96, Cochrane Q test,
P<0.001, I2 =89.2%).
3.3.4. SOFA and MOD score
Three studies with 195 participants showed that the immunomodulatory
formula resulted in decreased SOFA and MOD score in the intervention
group compared to the control group (Hedge’s g =-0.42; 95%CI: -0.74,
-0.11, P=0.008); between-study heterogeneity was low (Q statistic=2.24,
Cochrane Q test, P=0.33, I2 =10.8%).
3.3.5. Overall 28 days mortality
Nine studies with 1104 participants showed that immunomodulatory diet
was associated with decreased overall 28 days mortality of about 26%
(relative risk = 0.74, 95%CI: 0.58, 0.91, P<0.001). The
heterogeneity was low (Cochrane Q test=7.77, P=0.46,
I2 =0.0%) (Figure 3) . The reduction in ALI
and ARDS was more evident compared to other subgroups