Figure Legends
Figure 1. (a) Miniaturised electrochemical silicon chip
integrating 4 layout of EC cells with three planar microelectrodes made
in Pt (WE) and Au (CE and RE). Table 2 reports the electrodes
dimensions; (b) whole portable system EC-reader connected to the PC; (c)
details of the portable system EC-reader: electrochemical silicon chip
connected to the reading board
Figure 2. (a)
Electrochemical response (SW current intensities) of EC-Cells at various
Os redox probe amount; (b) linear interpolation of current intensities
versus Os amount; (c) Correlation of Sensitivity/WE area; (d)
Correlation of Sensitivity/WE-CE distance. The error bars represent the
standard deviation from a triplicate.
Figure 3. (a) Details of
the EC cell used for the sensing; (b) Principle of the biochemical
method based on whole-cell sensing using the engineered E. colias sensing element.
Figure
4. (a) CV curves of arsenic sensitive E. coli strain in presence of
AsIII at 0 (black line), 2.5ppb (red line), 10ppb (blue line), 50 ppb
(green line) and 100 ppb (orange line) and relative current increase
(blue dashed arrow). Inset: detail of PAP peak voltage shift (green
dashed arrow); (b) CV trend for E. coli samples induced by AsIII in
water; (c) calibration curve calculated at 2.5 ppb to 50 ppb of AsIII.
The error bars represent the standard deviation from a triplicate.
Figure 5. (a) CV curves
of E. coli cells in presence of HgII at 0 (black line), 2.5ppb
(red line), 5 ppb (yellow line), 10ppb (blue line) and 50 ppb (green
line); (b) CV curves of E. coli cells in presence of CdII at 0
(black line), 2.5ppb (red line), 5 ppb (yellow line), 10ppb (blue line)
and 50 ppb (green line); (c) comparison of PAP current values measured
on E. coli samples (specific for AsIII) treated with different
concentration of AsIII (green line), HgII (red line) and CdII (blue
line). The error bars represent the standard deviation from a
triplicate.
Figure 6. (a) CV trend of mercury sensitive E. coli strains
induced by 0.25 ppb; 1 ppb; 2.5 ppb; 10 ppb HgII in water: the insert
shows a calibration curve calculated for the low range concentration
(0.25 ppb to 2.5 ppb) of HgII in water. (b) comparison of PAP current
values measured on E. coli samples (specific for HgII) treated with
different concentration of AsIII (green line), HgII (red line) and CdII
(blue line). The error bars represent the standard deviation from a
triplicate.