Phylogeny
In both phylogenies (the 16S rRNA gene and the multigene) the twoNeisseria -related symbionts cluster as sister taxa on a long common branch, placed firmly within Neisseriales with high nodal support. In the more robust multigene analysis the pair branches as an isolated offshoot at the base of Neisseriaceae (Figure 1). The analysis of 16S rRNA gene, for which a broader taxonomic spectrum is available, revealed additional close relatives which could not be included into the “multigene matrix” due to lack of data (SupplementaryInformation/SupplementaryFigure1; detail in Figure 1). All of them have been described as “Uncultured bacterium ” from human and insect samples (Oteo et al., 2014). In contrast to the “multigene matrix”, the “16S matrix” placed the pair ofNeisseria -related symbionts into a monophyletic cluster together with Snodgrassella .