Turbulence model

The turbulence model utilized for this investigation is thek ω SST(shear-stress transport) model. It is a two-equation model and is created by [30], has the advantage of having the option to change from a k-ε turbulence model [31] to a k-ω turbulence model [32]. This model has been used widely in the area involving wind turbine blades with well-disposed results [33, 34]. However, to use this transport equation for the SST model to calculate the turbulent kinetic energy k and the specific dissipation rate ωFluent [22] is used to analyze turbulence modeling.

Solution method

This paper depicts the figuring of the numerical arrangement by utilizing the ANSYS and sets out the verification of the numerical outcomes. The air is considered as incompressible [35]. Because of this, the fluid density has been taken as 1.225 kg/m3. The viscosity is likewise thought to be consistent at 1.7894×103 kg/ms. The incompressible RANS (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) conditions are measured utilizing the pressure-based coupled algorithm, which understands the pressure and momentum-based continuity equation in a firmly coupled way and solves it.

Convergence criteria

To assess the convergence for the solution of the CFD, the residual plays a vital role in acquiring it. In this study, six variables of residual values are monitored during the calculation process and they are continuity, x velocity, y velocity, z velocity, turbulent kinetic energy k and the specific dissipation rate ω. The solution is deemed to be converged when these residual values below 104 [36] which is the typical value used for residual convergence criterion in the CFD modeling of wind turbine blades. An example of a history of residual values is depicted in Figure 12. In this case, the wind speed, rotor rotational speed, pitch angle are 7m/s, 72rpm, 5° respectively. As can be seen from Figure 12, the residual values of all variables are less than 104, meeting the convergence criterion.