CONCLUSIONS

Using three measurement methods, we observed that warming significantly reduced the dew amount and duration and changed its seasonal patterns. Different plant functional groups had different effects on dew formation due to their associated microclimates and plant heights, resulting in taller plants experiencing more dew formation. However, artificial warming caused the taller plants to have less dew formation due to the associated heat radiation. We also found that infrared heater warming systems markedly reduced dew formation, which should be addressed to avoid overestimating the impact of climate warming on ecosystems during global change studies. Our study demonstrates that dew condensation responds to climate warming and highlights that microhabitat conditions and plant traits mediate dew formation under warming conditions, having an important potential effect on ecosystems processes in the future.