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\begin{document}

\title{Characterization of Anthropogenic Light Pollution via Stratospheric Remote Sensing}



\author[1]{Ken Walczak}%
\author[1]{Cynthia Tarr}%
\author[1]{Geza Gyuk}%
\author[1]{Lauren Wisbrock}%
\author[1]{Jose Amezcua}%
\author[1]{Cynthia Cheng}%
\author[1]{Joshua Cris}%
\author[1]{Claudia Jimenez}%
\author[1]{Megan Mehta}%
\author[1]{Aisha Mujahid}%
\author[1]{Liberty Pritchard}%
\author[1]{Kly Suquino}%
\author[1]{Laris Turkic}%
\affil[1]{Affiliation not available}%


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  \date{May 21, 2024}


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\begin{abstract}
1. Abstract The alteration of the natural nighttime environment due to
artificial light at night (ALAN) can disrupt ecological systems and
affect human health. Inefficiencies in lighting use have downstream
consequences for climate, economies and health. High resolution,
regional-scale data of the nighttime environment is not readily
available yet is necessary to address this issue. Mapping light
emissions from a stratospheric balloon platform provides data of
sufficient quality to further our understanding of the impacts and
possible solutions to this health and environmental stressor. For this
work, we designed and flew instrumentation on latex high altitude
balloons for remote sensing of nighttime lights. We collected tens of
thousands of images across an urban to rural footprint centered on the
city of Indianapolis, Indiana (Fig. 1). Our results indicate land zoned
for commercial use contributes 20.5\% of all light emissions while only
comprising 7\% of land area. These results also corroborate an earlier
study that road lighting contributes only an estimated 14\% of total
emissions, where our study shows a contribution of 24.3\%, including
other light sources on the roads. Comparing on-orbit observations from
the VIIRS instrument to those collected with our method (Fig. 2), we can
estimate the quantity of light unaccounted for due to the short (blue)
wavelength insensitivity of the VIIRS sensor. This method can identify
sources of light pollution on a regional scale. Our results indicate
policy addressing commercial lighting may be the most efficient
mitigation strategy in developed areas.%
\end{abstract}%



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